#!/bin/bash
# =============================================================================
# Jetson Headless Virtual Display Setup (GPU-Accelerated)
# =============================================================================
#
# Creates a virtual 1920x1080@60Hz display on Jetson AGX Orin without a
# physical monitor. EGL, CUDA, and NVIDIA Argus all work. A real monitor
# can still be hot-plugged at any time. Works with NoMachine/VNC for remote
# desktop access.
#
# Platform: Jetson AGX Orin
# - JetPack 5.x (L4T R35.x, Ubuntu 20.04) — Xorg "nvidia" DDX driver
# - JetPack 6.x (L4T R36.x, Ubuntu 22.04) — Xorg "nvidia" DDX driver
#
# HOW IT WORKS:
# -------------
# Uses the nvidia DDX Xorg driver with ConnectedMonitor + CustomEDID options
# to fake a connected 1920x1080 display on the DP port. This provides:
# - Full NVIDIA EGL support (nvbufsurface, Argus camera can create EGLImages)
# - CUDA-EGL interop (cuGraphicsEGLRegisterImage works)
# - Hardware-accelerated X11/GLX rendering via NVIDIA GPU
# - Proper DRI2 for remote desktop protocols (NoMachine, VNC, etc.)
#
# JP6-SPECIFIC NOTES:
# -------------------
# nvidia-drm.modeset=1 is NOT compatible with nvidia DDX driver — it causes
# "Failed to acquire modesetting permission". We remove it from boot params.
# The nvidia DDX handles modesetting directly without nvidia-drm KMS.
#
# EGL/CUDA/Argus work fine WITHOUT nvidia-drm.modeset=1 when using nvidia DDX,
# because applications access NVIDIA EGL/CUDA directly via the ICD, not through
# the kernel DRM modesetting path.
#
# REAL MONITOR:
# -------------
# If you plug in a real DP monitor, it appears automatically in xrandr
# and is usable alongside (or instead of) the virtual framebuffer.
#
# USAGE:
# chmod +x setup-virtual-display-fixed.sh
# sudo ./setup-virtual-display-fixed.sh
# sudo reboot
#
# VERIFY:
# DISPLAY=:0 xrandr # 1920x1080 screen
# DISPLAY=:0 eglinfo 2>&1 | head -15 # EGL vendor: NVIDIA
# python3 -c "import ctypes; c=ctypes.CDLL('libcuda.so.1'); print(c.cuInit(0))" # 0
# # Connect via NoMachine — should show full GNOME desktop
#
# TO REVERT:
# sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bak.original /etc/X11/xorg.conf # or rm it
# sudo rm -f /etc/X11/edid-1080p.bin
# sudo rm -f /etc/udev/rules.d/99-jetson-drm-seat.rules
# sudo systemctl enable seatd 2>/dev/null # if you need seatd back
# # For JP6: add back nvidia-drm.modeset=1 to /boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf if needed
# sudo reboot
#
# =============================================================================
set -euo pipefail
if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
echo "ERROR: Must run as root (sudo)."
exit 1
fi
# --- Detect JetPack / L4T version ---
detect_jetpack_version() {
local l4t_major=""
if [[ -f /etc/nv_tegra_release ]]; then
l4t_major=$(sed -n 's/^# R\([0-9]*\).*/\1/p' /etc/nv_tegra_release)
fi
if [[ -z "$l4t_major" ]] && command -v dpkg-query &>/dev/null; then
l4t_major=$(dpkg-query -W -f='${Version}' nvidia-l4t-core 2>/dev/null \
| sed -n 's/^\([0-9]*\)\..*/\1/p') || true
fi
if [[ -n "$l4t_major" && "$l4t_major" -ge 36 ]]; then
echo 6
elif [[ -n "$l4t_major" && "$l4t_major" -ge 35 ]]; then
echo 5
else
echo 0
fi
}
# --- Detect first available DP connector ---
detect_dp_connector_drm() {
# DRM naming (1-indexed): DP-1, DP-2, etc.
for card_dp in /sys/class/drm/card*-DP-*; do
if [[ -d "$card_dp" ]]; then
basename "$card_dp" | sed 's/card[0-9]*-//'
return
fi
done
echo "DP-1"
}
detect_dp_connector_xorg() {
# nvidia DDX uses 0-indexed: DP-0, DP-1, etc.
local drm_idx
drm_idx=$(detect_dp_connector_drm | sed 's/.*DP-//')
echo "DP-$((drm_idx - 1))"
}
JP_VERSION=$(detect_jetpack_version)
DP_DRM=$(detect_dp_connector_drm)
DP_XORG=$(detect_dp_connector_xorg)
echo "=== Jetson Virtual Display Setup ==="
if [[ "$JP_VERSION" -eq 6 ]]; then
echo "Detected: JetPack 6 (L4T R36.x)"
elif [[ "$JP_VERSION" -eq 5 ]]; then
echo "Detected: JetPack 5 (L4T R35.x)"
else
echo "WARNING: Could not detect JetPack version, defaulting to JP5 path"
JP_VERSION=5
fi
# =========================================================================
# COMMON PATH (JP5 + JP6): nvidia DDX driver with ConnectedMonitor + CustomEDID
# =========================================================================
echo "Using nvidia DDX driver with connector ${DP_XORG}"
STEP=0
TOTAL_JP5=3
TOTAL_JP6=5
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
# Step 1: Backup xorg.conf
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
STEP=$((STEP+1))
if [[ -f /etc/X11/xorg.conf && ! -f /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bak.original ]]; then
cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bak.original
echo "[${STEP}] Backed up xorg.conf"
else
echo "[${STEP}] Backup: skipped (already exists or no file)"
fi
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
# Step 2: EDID binary
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
STEP=$((STEP+1))
base64 -d > /etc/X11/edid-1080p.bin << 'EDID_EOF'
AP///////wBZ5QEAAQAAAAEiAQOAAAB4Cu6Ro1RMmSYPUFQhCAABAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAjqA
GHE4LUBYLEUADyghAAAeAAAA/ABWaXJ0dWFsIDEwODBwAAAA/QAySx5REQAKICAgICAgAAAA/wAw
MDAwMDAwMDAwMDAxAJc=
EDID_EOF
chmod 644 /etc/X11/edid-1080p.bin
echo "[${STEP}] Installed EDID binary"
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
# Step 3: xorg.conf (nvidia DDX)
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
STEP=$((STEP+1))
cat > /etc/X11/xorg.conf << XORG_EOF
# Jetson JP${JP_VERSION} - nvidia DDX driver, virtual display
Section "DRI"
Mode 0666
EndSection
Section "Module"
Disable "dri"
SubSection "extmod"
Option "omit xfree86-dga"
EndSubSection
EndSection
Section "Device"
Identifier "Tegra0"
Driver "nvidia"
Option "AllowEmptyInitialConfiguration" "true"
Option "ConnectedMonitor" "${DP_XORG}"
Option "CustomEDID" "${DP_XORG}:/etc/X11/edid-1080p.bin"
Option "HardDPMS" "false"
EndSection
Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Virtual-1080p"
HorizSync 30-81
VertRefresh 50-75
ModeLine "1920x1080_60" 148.50 1920 2008 2052 2200 1080 1084 1089 1125 +HSync +VSync
Option "PreferredMode" "1920x1080_60"
EndSection
Section "Screen"
Identifier "Default Screen"
Device "Tegra0"
Monitor "Virtual-1080p"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
Modes "1920x1080_60"
EndSubSection
EndSection
XORG_EOF
echo "[${STEP}] Wrote xorg.conf (nvidia DDX)"
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
# JP6-SPECIFIC: Additional steps
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
if [[ "$JP_VERSION" -eq 6 ]]; then
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
# Step 4: Remove nvidia-drm.modeset=1 from boot params
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
STEP=$((STEP+1))
EXTLINUX_CONF="/boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf"
if [[ -f "$EXTLINUX_CONF" ]]; then
if grep -q "nvidia-drm.modeset=1" "$EXTLINUX_CONF"; then
cp "$EXTLINUX_CONF" "${EXTLINUX_CONF}.bak.$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)"
sed -i 's| nvidia-drm\.modeset=1||g' "$EXTLINUX_CONF"
echo "[${STEP}] Removed nvidia-drm.modeset=1 from extlinux.conf"
else
echo "[${STEP}] nvidia-drm.modeset=1 not present (OK)"
fi
else
echo "[${STEP}] WARNING: ${EXTLINUX_CONF} not found"
fi
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
# Step 5: Disable seatd if present (optional, helps avoid conflicts)
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
STEP=$((STEP+1))
if systemctl is-enabled seatd &>/dev/null 2>&1; then
systemctl stop seatd 2>/dev/null || true
systemctl disable seatd 2>/dev/null || true
echo "[${STEP}] Disabled seatd (avoids DRM master conflicts)"
else
echo "[${STEP}] seatd not present or already disabled"
fi
fi
echo ""
echo "=== Done! ==="
echo ""
echo "A reboot is REQUIRED:"
echo " sudo reboot"
echo ""
echo "After reboot, verify:"
echo " DISPLAY=:0 xrandr # 1920x1080 screen"
echo " DISPLAY=:0 eglinfo 2>&1 | head -15 # EGL vendor: NVIDIA"
echo " python3 -c 'import ctypes; c=ctypes.CDLL(\"libcuda.so.1\"); print(c.cuInit(0))' # 0"
echo ""
if [[ "$JP_VERSION" -eq 6 ]]; then
echo "JP6 NOTES:"
echo " - nvidia DDX driver active (NOT modesetting)"
echo " - nvidia-drm.modeset=1 removed from boot (incompatible with nvidia DDX)"
echo " - EGL/CUDA/Argus work via nvidia DDX's own rendering path"
echo " - NoMachine/VNC will show full hardware-accelerated desktop"
echo ""
fi
echo "Connect via NoMachine or VNC to access the desktop remotely."
